n(r)=n1[1-2∆(r/a)α]1/2 for0<=r<=a
n1(1-2∆)1/2 ~n1(1-∆)=n2forr>=a
r - radial distance from fiber axis a core radius
n1 - refractive index at the core
n2 - refractive index at the cladding
α - shape of the index profile
∆ - index difference
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